Permanent Exhibition (Outdoor)

an outdoor exhibition space with a variety of themes


Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva


Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva (Jijang Bosal) is a bodhisattva who saves sentient beings suffering in hell. Entrusted by the Buddha, he is said to guide and liberate beings of the Six Realms during the age without a Buddha from the passing of Śākyamuni Buddha until the future Buddha, Maitreya, appears. Along with Avalokiteśvara (Gwaneum Bosal), Ksitigarbha is one of the most widely venerated bodhisattvas in Korea, China, and Japan.


In early representations, Ksitigarbha was depicted wearing a celestial crown and monastic robes, holding a lotus in his left hand while forming the Abhaya Mudra with his right hand, a gesture in which the hand is raised to shoulder height with the palm facing outward, symbolizing fearlessness and protection. He was also sometimes portrayed holding a lotus in his left hand and a wish-fulfilling jewel (boju) in his right.


Later, under the influence of the Ksitigarbha Ten Wheels Sutra (Jijang Siryun-gyeong), his image evolved into that of a monk wearing a simple head covering, holding a wish-fulfilling jewel in one hand and a monk’s staff (seokjang) in the other.


Because Ksitigarbha is believed to manifest in different forms according to the needs of those who suffer, he is also depicted in six corresponding appearances representing the Six Realms of Rebirth: hell, hungry ghosts, animals, asuras, humans, and heavenly beings.



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